塑料原料中有害重金属铅、镉、汞的测定

采用微波消解为前处理手段 ,以磷酸二氢铵为基体改进剂 ,用石墨炉原子吸收法测定塑料原料样品中的铅、镉 ;用流动注射 -氢化物发生 -原子吸收法测定汞。测定铅的检出限为 4 .5× 10 -11g,镉的检出限为 3.7× 10 -12 g ,汞的检出限为 0 .6 4 μg/kg ;测定结果相对标准偏差一般小于 10 % ;铅、镉、汞的回收率在 93%～ 10 3%之间     

聚苯硫醚/聚四氟乙烯复合材料的研究

制备并研究了PPS/PTFE合金的热行为、力学性能以及摩擦学性能,并对其微观形态进行了观察。实验结果表明,此合金的耐热性能相对于聚苯硫醚纯树脂有明显的提高,而且聚四氟乙烯的加入可以改善聚苯硫醚的力学性能及摩擦磨损性能。     

电沉积非晶态合金镀层磁性的控制

磁性元件薄膜化促进了磁性镀层的开发与应用。综述了镀液及镀层成分、电沉积工艺、镀层厚度及热处理对电沉积非晶态镀层性能的影响，以便在实际应用中控制非晶态合金镀层的磁性。     

化学镀镍-铜-磷三元合金工艺的研究

为提高化学镀镍－磷合金镀层的性能及获得多种性能的合金镀层以拓宽其应用范围。在化学镀镍－磷合金液中加入硫酸铜制得镍－铜－磷三元合金。研究了镀液中硫酸镍、次磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠、硫酸铜、稳定剂、光亮剂的含量以及pH值和温度等因素对合金镀层的外观、沉积速度及铜含量的影响。通过5％氯化钠溶液和10％硫酸溶液浸泡试验比较了所得镍－铜－磷合金镀层与镍－磷合金镀层以及前人制得的镍－磷合金镀层的耐蚀性，同时比较了上述镀层的其它性能。结果表明，所得镍－铜－磷合金镀层的耐蚀性、外观、结合力、孔隙率、沉积速度、硬度和耐磨性等性能优于镍－磷合金及前人制得的镍－铜－磷合金镀层。     

羟基烷基磺酸镀液电镀Sn—Pb合金的研究

我国自行研制生产的羟基烷基磺酸电镀Sn-Pb合金镀液已经在部分厂家投产使用.生产实践证明,该镀液能获得不同铅含量的、可焊性优良且镀层结晶细致而光亮的Sn-Pb合金镀层.本研究重点测定了该镀液的电化学性能,如阴极电流效率、分散能力及深镀能力.并对添加剂的作用进行了研究探讨.     

CPPS/PA1010/EMG合金的制备与性能表征

采用(乙烯/马来酸酐/甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯)三元共聚物(EMG)为增容剂,与PA1010和化学处理的PPS(CPPS)熔融共混制备了CPPS/PA1010/EMG合金。当EMG含量为9份时,制备的高刚性、高韧性合金在保持其它力学性能基本不变的情况下其冲击强度提高了4.5倍;并研究了该合金的熔融结晶行为和热降解行为。     

Passive and transpassive behaviour of CoCrMo in simulated biological solutions

In this work, the behaviour of a CoCrMo alloy under simulated body conditions was investigated. More specifically, the electrochemical properties of the alloy and the relevant mechanisms in the passive and transpassive states were studied in detail. Electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarisation, cyclic voltammetry, rotating disc electrode and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were employed. Further, ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the passive films was carried out. A good correlation between the results obtained from all the experimental techniques was achieved. Overall, it was found that the passive film on CoCrMo changed in composition and thickness with both potential and time. The passive behaviour of the CrCrMo alloy is due to a formation an oxide film highly enriched with Cr (≈90% Cr oxides) on the alloy surface. The passive and transpassive behaviour of the alloy is hence dominated by the alloying element Cr. In the transpassive region, strong thickening of the oxide film takes place, combined with a change in the composition of the film, and strongly increased dissolution rate. In the transpassive region, all alloying elements dissolve according to the composition of the alloy. The metal ion release is also very strongly enhanced by cyclic variation of the potential between reducing and oxidizing conditions. In this case, during activation/repassivation cycles, cobalt dissolution is greater than expected from the composition of the alloy. Therefore, active dissolution behaviour is mainly dominated by the alloying element Co.     

Oxygen reduction activity of Pt and Pt-Mn-Co electrocatalysts sputtered on nano-structured thin film support

We report on extensive measurements of oxygen reduction activity of Pt and Pt-Co-Mn electrocatalysts using the rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) method. The electrocatalysts were prepared by sputtering from Pt or Pt, Co and Mn targets onto 3M's nano-structured thin film support (NSTF) structures. The area specific activity of Pt/NSTF, measured in 0.1 M HClO₄ and at room temperature, is similar to that of bulk Pt. The area specific measurements show a 20 mV reduction in the Pt-Co-Mn/NSTF overpotential compared to Pt/NSTF. The corresponding kinetic gain in the area specific activity of the ternary alloy is about a factor of two. This ORR enhancement factor observed in the ternary Pt-Co-Mn/NSTF by RRDE measurements is similar to the results obtained in 50 cm² H₂/air fuel cells.     

电镀银镍合金工艺及其在电接触材料生产中的应用

介绍了用于生产电接触材料的银镍合金电镀工艺。镀液配方为:30~80g/LKAg(CN)2,10~30g/LKCN,10~20g/LK2CO3,0.2~0.3g/LCdSO4,0.1~0.2g/L糖精,100~150g/L络合剂Ⅱ,5~10g/L镍盐,1~2g/LK2SeO3。介绍了镀液中各组分的作用、镀液的维护及杂质影响与去除方法。讨论了镀液中各组分的含量及工艺条件(温度、电流密度、搅拌方式)对镀液和镀层性能的影响。该工艺操作简单,工艺范围宽,电流效率高,沉积速度快。     

提高发动机铝合金件耐磨性的表面处理工艺

介绍了各种表面处理工艺在提高发动机铝合金件耐磨性能中的研究和应用,包括等离子喷涂、等离子弧焊、等离子扫描、等离子电解、电镀、物理气相沉积和激光熔覆成形工艺,对表面强化铝合金耐磨件的应用前景进行了展望。